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PAPLER, D.
U-6-ISO 50001 STANDARD FOR EFFICIENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT
KOMUNALNA ENERGETIKA / POWER ENGINERING, 000
PAPLER, D.
REDISTRIBUTION OF SUPPLIERS' MARKET SHARES DUE TO THE DECREASE IN ENERGY PRICES AND AN INCREASE IN REGULATED NETWORK CHARGES
KOMUNALNA ENERGETIKA / POWER ENGINERING, 13
Supply of electricity is a commercial activity. Supply and demand meet on the energy market. The liberalisation of the electricity market caused changes in supply, bringing about an initial increase in the number of competitors. The concentration of electricity sales to industrial and household customers fluctuated over the years, recording a downward trend. Market shares of individual suppliers changed and typically reduced, having been redistributed among several suppliers. The structure of the electricity market changed with a drop in market shares of suppliers from the group of distribution companies and a rise in market shares of new traders. The provider holds the role of energy supplier, freely agreeing with the customer on the quantity and price of energy supplied, whereas the other part of the bill is determined by the state by setting of network charges, contributions, excise duty and value added tax. We have analysed the trends in the final price of electricity charged to various consumer groups in the industry and households in Slovenia in the 2005–2015 period. We have presented the shares indicating the liberalised market part (energy price), the regulated infrastructural part (use-of-system charge) and the mandatory national duties on trading in electricity (duties, excise duty and value added tax). At average electricity prices applying to industrial customers in Slovenia, the share of energy price in the structure of elements dropped by 10.12 percentage points, the share of use-of-system charge increased by 2.23 percentage points and the share of total duties: contributions, excise duty and value added tax rose by 7.90 percentage points. At average electricity prices applying to household customers in Slovenia, the share of energy price in the structure of elements grew by 1.15 percentage points, the share of use-of-system charge decreased by 7.91 percentage points and the share of total duties: contributions, excise duty and value added tax rose by 6.75 percentage points. By regression analysis we established that the consumption by industrial customers is positively related to gross domestic product and substitute energy products, and negatively related to liberalisation of the electricity market. The household consumption is positively related to household income and negatively related to liberalisation of the electricity market.
PAPLER, D.
ENERGY EFFICENCY ACHIEVED BY SYSTEMATIC ENERGY MANAGEMENT MEASURES
KOMUNALNA ENERGETIKA / POWER ENGINERING, 14
In the Gorenjske elektrarne company, using the concept of energy efficiency we have systematically monitored the consumption of energy by energy accounting, costs from the financial aspect and the CO2 emissions from the ecological aspect. With systematic approach using our own example we have presented an example of a municipal energetics. After the decline of profitable subsidies for solar power plants, the interest in terms of the energy efficiency concept was aroused by the construction of a 12.3 kWp solar power station with own internal connection based on PX3 type scheme and use of electricity to satisfy own needs, with generated savings in network charges and duties owing to own electricity production. Since 2005, efforts have been devoted to increasing energy efficiency by use of heat pump for heating during transitional period and since 2011 by switching from heating oil to natural gas for heating in the winter. The introduction of energy accounting, the optimisation of consumption of all energy products, the energy performance certificate and energy audit measures are aimed at a comprehensive supervision over the consumption and costs of energy products and the acquisition of the ISO 50001 quality certificate for energy management. We have calculated greenhouse gas emission savings of the energy efficiency development concept comprising own solar power plant and a heat pump. We have developed an energy control information system GEKenergija, which is based on monitoring the consumption of a specific energy product, the valuation of use and savings, both in terms of energy product and money. The results have proven the effects expected. Using the regression analysis we have explained the effect of external temperature on the consumption of heat energy.
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